BRAIN

.Brain consists of 6 part which is frontal lobe temporal lobe brain stem cerebellum  occipital and  parietal lobe. frontal lobe is associated with brain front part and parietal lobe is associated with brain backward part the temporal associated with side part of the brain and occipital lobe is a base where is brainstem and cerebellum are the basic base which is linked to the spinal cord in this whole brain structure is complex and also associated with no impulses which give connectivity 2 different part to another to the lobe.  I'll explain whole 6 Lobe, show the starting with the frontal lobe the frontal lobes are the part of the cerebral cortex and are the largest of the brain structure. We are the main site of so called higher cognitives To now frontal lobe consists of a promoter cortex primary motor cortex local area at the left hemisphere and the prefrontal cortex if we talk about frontal eye field these frontal eye field helps us to visualise and make cons...

Frontal eye fields The cortical area called frontal eye field (FEF) plays an important role in the control of visual attention and eye movements. Electrical stimulation in the FEF elicits saccadic eye movements. The FEF have a topographic structure and represents saccade targets in retinotopic coordinates. The frontal eye field is reported to be activated during the initiation of eye movements, such as voluntary saccades and pursuit eye movements. There is also evidence that it plays a role in purely sensory processing and that it belongs to a “fast brain” system through a superior colliculus – medial dorsal nucleus – FEF ascending pathway. In humans, its earliest activations in regard to visual stimuli occur at 45 ms with activations related to changes in visual stimuli within 45–60 ms (these are comparable with response times in the primary visual cortex). This fast brain pathway also provides auditory input a...

Prefrontal cortex The  prefrontal cortex  is a part of the brain located at the front of the  frontal lobe . It is implicated in a variety of complex behaviors, including planning, and greatly contributes to personality development Poor cerebral  cortex  functions leads to more impulsive  behavior . ... Study subjects in whom the activity of the  prefrontal cortex  was temporarily suppressed  could  control their emotional impulses less well than normal. Their amygdala deep in the brain that is responsible for emotional reactions then becomes extra active. The prefontal cortex (that section of the  brain  right behind your forehead) is the  part  that helps us with things like decision-making and regulating our behavior. Self- control , or  willpower , falls under this heading, and thus is taken care of in this  part of the brain . FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF PFC PFC is often classified...

The Premotor Cortex Overview The premotor cortex consists of a narrow region between the prefrontal and motor cortices. It is involved in preparing and executing limb movements and uses information from other cortical regions to select appropriate movements. The premotor cortex is also important for learning (imitation) and social cognition (empathy) – mirror neurons in the premotor cortex area of the macaque brain fire when the animal observes an action in others.

Homunculus [ edit source ] There is a broadly somatotopic representation of the different body parts in the primary motor cortex in an arrangement called a motor  homunculus  (Latin:  little person ). [5]  The leg area is located close to the midline, in interior sections of the motor area folding into the  medial longitudinal fissure . The lateral, convex side of the primary motor cortex is arranged from top to bottom in areas that correspond to the buttocks, torso, shoulder, elbow, wrist, fingers, thumb, eyelids, lips, and jaw. The arm and hand motor area is the largest, and occupies the part of precentral gyrus between the leg and face area. These areas are not proportional to their size in the body with the lips, face parts, and hands represented by particularly large areas. Following amputation or paralysis, motor areas can shift to adopt new parts of the body. Neural input from the thalamus [ edit source ] The primary motor cortex receives th...

Functions [ edit source ] Language comprehension [ edit source ] For a long time, it was assumed that the role of Broca's area was more devoted to language production than language comprehension. However, there is evidence to demonstrate that Broca's area also plays a significant role in language comprehension. Patients with  lesions  in Broca's area who exhibit agrammatical speech production also show inability to use syntactic information to determine the meaning of sentences. [8]  Also, a number of neuroimaging studies have implicated an involvement of Broca's area, particularly of the  pars opercularis  of the left inferior frontal  gyrus , during the processing of complex sentences. [9]  Further, it has recently been found in functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fMRI ) experiments involving highly ambiguous sentences result in a more activated inferior frontal  gyrus . [10]  Therefore, the activity level in the inferior frontal ...